Which ethnic groups make up Mexico’s population?

Mexico’s population is composed of several ethnic groups, primarily defined by a complex blending of ancestry and cultural traditions.12

• Mestizos: The largest segment of the population, accounting for more than three-fifths of the total, are mestizos—individuals of mixed Indigenous and European extraction.12
• Indigenous Peoples: American Indians (Amerindians) account for less than one-tenth of the total population. While they are a minority, they remain the dominant population group in specific regions, such as the rural Yucatán, the Chiapas Highlands, and parts of Oaxaca.12
• European Heritage: Mexicans of European descent (often referred to as "whites" or criollos) constitute a significant portion of the remaining population.13

It is important to note that while racial identity remains a powerful social construct in Mexico, social scientists have discredited myths of "racial biology". Furthermore, historical and ongoing socioeconomic disparities—often linked to racial discrimination—have historically favored those of European descent in terms of wealth and social mobility, while Indigenous peoples and many mestizos are disproportionately represented in working-class and poor populations.23