Which ethnic groups live in the western highlands of Hunan?

The western highlands of Hunan are home to four primary minority groups: the Hmong (referred to as Miao in China), Tujia, Dong, and Mien (referred to as Yao in China).1

• Miao and Tujia: These groups primarily inhabit the northwest, where they cultivate terraced fields in foothills and narrow valleys. Their lifestyles and economies are similar, and there is a history of intermarriage between them.12
• Dong: This group resides in autonomous counties located in the extreme southwest and west of the province, with primary centers in Tongdao and Xinhuang.1
• Yao (Mien): These people are widely scattered across the mountainous regions of the south and west. Their economy is largely based on forestry and dry farming, and they are noted for their expertise in cedar tree culture.1