Which ethnic communities have historically lived in Kabul?

Kabul has historically served as a melting pot for the diverse ethnic groups of Afghanistan. The city’s population includes the following communities:

• Major Ethnic Groups: The city is home to Pashtun and Tajik communities, which constitute the majority of the Afghan population.1
• Other Ethnic Communities: There is a significant Hazara population, as well as Uzbek and Turkmen groups.1
• Historical and Religious Minorities: Beyond the Muslim majority, the city has historically included Sikh and Hindu communities. Additionally, records from the 18th century note the presence of a Kizilbash garrison, which established the Chindawol quarter.12

The demographic composition of Kabul has been further influenced by significant migration since the 1980s, as rural communities displaced by conflict sought refuge in the city.13