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Britannica Sources used in this answer

Which countries does the Rhine River flow through or form borders between?

Created from Britannica articles using AI. AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.
Physical map of Western and Central Europe highlighting the drainage basins and networks of the Rhine, Rhone, and Seine rivers. The map shows river courses, major tributaries, canals, elevation changes with color shading, international boundaries, and key cities such as Paris, Lyon, Basel, and Rotterdam. A locator inset in the upper left corner places the main map within Europe.
Rhine River

The Rhine River is a major European waterway that flows through or forms borders between several countries.12

Its course includes the following:

  • Switzerland: The river rises in the Swiss Alps and flows through the country.12
  • Liechtenstein: The Rhine forms a boundary between Switzerland and the principality of Liechtenstein.1
  • Austria: It serves as a border between Switzerland and Austria.1
  • Germany: The river defines the Swiss-German frontier and flows through German territory.12
  • France: Below Basel, the Rhine forms the boundary between France and Germany.2
  • Netherlands: The river flows into the Netherlands, where it forms a delta before reaching the North Sea.12