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Which actions were forbidden in the ancient pankration competition?

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Map of southeastern Europe highlighting Greece and marking the location of Olympia with a red star, indicating its status as a World Heritage Site. Olympia is shown in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula, surrounded by neighboring countries and nearby seas including the Ionian, Aegean, and Mediterranean. — Olympia Olympia was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1989.

In the ancient pankration competition, which was introduced to the Olympic Games in 648 BCE, the rules were minimal, reflecting the event's nature as a brutal form of no-holds-barred combat.12

While techniques such as hitting, kicking, twisting limbs, strangling, and fighting on the ground were permitted, there were only two strictly forbidden actions:

Biting12
Gouging (defined as thrusting a finger or thumb into an opponent’s eye)12

Matches in this event were often savage and continued until one competitor either acknowledged defeat or was rendered unconscious.12