Which Gabonese coastal peoples profited from the slave trade?

Several coastal groups in Gabon profited from the slave trade during its peak development between the 1760s and 1840s, a period driven by high demand from Brazil and Cuba.12

These groups included:

• The Orungu clans: Based at Cape Lopez, they established a kingdom that derived its power from controlling the slave trade through the mouths of the Ogooué River.12
• The Mpongwe clans: Located in the estuary, they were established traders who also benefited from the commerce in enslaved people.12
• The Vili of Loango: Their trading activities extended throughout southern Gabon, and they were also involved in the trade.12

In contrast, the Fang people, who were migrating southward from Cameroon, generally refused to participate in the enslavement of others or the warfare required to obtain captives. The enslavement of human beings is a profound violation of fundamental human rights and dignity, and it remains a tragic chapter in history.12