Where are Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Eastern Orthodoxy most prominent in Europe?

The distribution of the three major branches of Christianity across Europe is largely defined by historical schisms. Their prominence is generally categorized as follows:1

• Roman Catholicism: Most prominent in the west and southwest of Europe.1
• Protestantism: Primarily established in northern Europe, including Britain, northern Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, and the adjacent regions of Finland, Estonia, and Latvia.1
• Eastern Orthodoxy: Most prominent in the east and southeast, particularly within the Balkans and former Soviet countries.12

While these regions are often associated with a dominant faith, some countries—notably England, Germany, Switzerland, Hungary, and the Netherlands—are characterized by the coexistence of both Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. In the Balkan Peninsula, a historical cultural divide continues to separate Roman Catholic populations, such as Croats, Slovenes, and Hungarians, from Eastern Orthodox groups, including Montenegrins, Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, and Greeks.31