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When was Port Royal established as a permanent European settlement?
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The French established the first permanent European settlement in North America north of Florida at Port-Royal (now Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia) in 1605.1
While an initial organized French settlement was founded in 1604 on an island in Passamaquoddy Bay, the colony was moved to the site of Port-Royal in 1605, where it became the center of Acadia.2