What religious changes occurred in Central America after the late 20th century?

Since the late 20th century, the religious landscape of Central America has undergone significant shifts, primarily characterized by the declining dominance of Roman Catholicism and the rapid expansion of Protestantism, particularly Evangelical and Pentecostal churches.12

Key developments include:

• Growth of Protestantism: Protestant denominations have grown substantially, and in several countries, including Honduras, they may now outnumber actively churchgoing Catholics. This growth is often attributed to an emphasis on individual spiritual improvement and a closer relationship between ministers and laity.123
• Catholic Reform and Activism: Following the Second Vatican Council and the 1968 Medellín conference, a portion of the Catholic Church adopted liberation theology. This movement sought to address social injustice and poverty, often through the formation of "base communities" (communidades de base).145
• Political and Social Tensions: The activism associated with liberation theology led to internal divisions within the church and frequent conflict with military regimes, resulting in the persecution and martyrdom of various clergy members.145
• Persistence of Traditional Practices: In many rural and Indigenous communities, traditional pre-Columbian beliefs continue to coexist with Christian traditions, creating a hybridized form of faith.236