What projects did Alexandria’s foreign-dominated municipality carry out after 1890?

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Following its founding in 1890, the self-governing municipality of Alexandria—which was controlled by a coterie of European and Levantine merchants—undertook several notable urban development projects. These initiatives included:1

  • The creation of the Greco-Roman Museum.1
  • The construction of a public library.1
  • Improvements to the city's street and sewage systems.1
  • The reclamation of land from the sea, which later provided the foundation for the waterfront Corniche.1

While these projects contributed to the city's infrastructure, it is important to note that the municipal franchise was extremely restricted, leaving the great majority of Alexandria’s Egyptian inhabitants without a voice in the council that directed these developments.1