What methods did Manfred Korfmann’s team use to investigate land beyond Troy’s citadel?

To investigate the land beyond the citadel of Troy, Manfred Korfmann’s team employed two primary methods:

• Geomagnetic surveying: This non-invasive technique allowed the team to map subsurface features across the surrounding terrain.1
• Isolated excavations: These targeted digs were conducted in conjunction with the survey data to verify findings and better understand the extent of the settlement.1

Beginning in 1988, these investigations were driven by the goal of determining whether Troy was a relatively minor settlement or a "greater Troy"—a prosperous and populous regional power. Korfmann’s findings from these methods led him to conclude that the city was of significant size and stature, a perspective that sparked considerable scholarly debate.12