What is the harmattan and when does it affect The Gambia?

The harmattan is a cool, dry, and dusty trade wind that originates in the continental interior and blows from the northeast or east across western Africa.1

In The Gambia, the harmattan is the dominant wind during the dry season, specifically affecting the country from December to April. During this period, the arrival of these winds causes a notable drop in [relative humidity]. While the harmattan is generally characterized by its cooling effect, it is also known for carrying large amounts of dust, which can impact visibility and air quality across the region.21