What is muqam in Uyghur culture?

In the context of the Uyghur culture of Xinjiang, muqam refers to a popular performing arts tradition that emphasizes ancient songs and dances.1

These performances are typically accompanied by traditional instrumental groups. While the term is related to the broader maqām musical concept found throughout the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of North Africa—which involves specific sets of pitches, melodic motifs, and traditional patterns of use—the Uyghur muqam is specifically recognized as a vital expression of their local cultural heritage. Since the 1950s, this tradition has been supported by professional troupes, which are primarily composed of Uyghur balladeers and dancers.12