What happened in the Rann of Kachchh conflict between India and Pakistan in 1965?

Between January and June 1965, the Rann of Kachchh in the Indian state of Gujarat became the site of armed skirmishes between India and Pakistan. During this period, the Pakistani military tested India’s defenses, notably launching Operation Desert Hawk in April 1965, which involved Pakistani troops entering the region and capturing strategic positions.12

These clashes occurred while the Indian military was in a period of transition following the 1962 war with China. The fighting in the salt marshes concluded in June 1965 after the United Kingdom brokered a ceasefire. Following the conflict, the dispute was referred to an international tribunal, which issued a report in 1968 awarding approximately 10 percent of the contested border area to Pakistan and 90 percent to India; this partition was finalized in 1969.23