What happened during the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923?
The Beer Hall Putsch was an abortive attempt by Adolf Hitler and General Erich Ludendorff to seize power in Munich and trigger a national revolution against the Weimar Republic on November 8â9, 1923.123
On the evening of November 8, Hitler and armed SA (Brownshirts) seized a meeting at the BĂŒrgerbrĂ€ukeller, forcing Bavarian officials to support his proclamation of a national revolution. However, once released, these officials disowned the coup.4
On November 9, the insurrection collapsed when police fired on approximately 3,000 marchers heading toward the city center. The clash resulted in the deaths of 14 Nazis and four policemen. Hitler was subsequently arrested and tried for treason. Although sentenced to five years in prison, he served only nine months at Landsberg, where he began writing his political autobiography, Mein Kampf. The failure of the putsch led Hitler to conclude that the Nazi Party must achieve power through legal means rather than violent insurrection.24