What events led to the 1950 revolution against Nepal's Rana regime?

The 1950 revolution against the Rana regime was primarily precipitated by the withdrawal of the British from India in 1947. For decades, the Rana family had maintained power through a de facto alliance with the British, who provided security against domestic and foreign threats in exchange for Gurkha recruitment and foreign policy alignment.12

When the British departed, the Ranas lost this vital external support, leaving the regime vulnerable. Anti-Rana forces—largely comprised of Nepalese residents in India who had gained political experience within the Indian nationalist movement—seized this opportunity. They formed a strategic alliance with the Nepalese royal family, led by King Tribhuvan, to challenge the regime. Supported diplomatically by New Delhi, these rebels launched a revolution in November 1950. The conflict ultimately led to a settlement that restored the sovereignty of the crown and established the Nepali Congress (NC) party in an ascendant administrative position.12