What changes did Mauritania’s 1991 constitution introduce?

Mauritania’s 1991 constitution introduced significant political reforms, most notably establishing a multiparty system and a new bicameral legislative structure. These changes marked a transition toward civilian government under the presidency of Maaouya Ould Sidi Ahmed Taya, who also oversaw the development of a relatively free press during this period.12

It is important to note that the 1991 constitutional changes in Mauritania are distinct from those in Mauritius, which in 1991 passed an amendment to transition from a constitutional monarchy to a republic.3

Regarding Mauritania's legislative structure, the bicameral system established in 1991—consisting of the Senate and the National Assembly—remained in place until 2017, when the Senate was abolished by a popular referendum.1