What are the majjistral, grigal, and xlokk winds in Malta?

Malta experiences frequent and strong winds that significantly influence its Mediterranean climate. These winds are categorized by their direction and characteristics:

• Majjistral: This is a cool, northwesterly wind and is considered the most prevalent wind on the island.1
• Grigal: Also known as the gregale, this is a strong, cold, and dry northeasterly wind. It is most pronounced during the winter months and can occasionally reach hurricane force, posing a significant danger to shipping in the region.12
• Xlokk: Often referred to as the sirocco, this is a hot and humid southeasterly wind.1

Understanding these wind patterns is essential to grasping the climate of Malta, which is characterized by stable temperatures and distinct seasonal rainfall.1