How were Alberta and Saskatchewan created in 1905?

In 1905, the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were created from the Northwest Territories to meet the growing demand for representative and responsible government in the region.12

Following a period of rapid population growth and agricultural development in the Prairies, the federal government formed these two new provinces, which were roughly equal in area and extended north to latitude 60° N. While Alberta had been established as a district of the Northwest Territories in 1882, it achieved provincial status in 1905, though the federal government retained control over its Crown lands and natural resources until 1930.12

The creation of these provinces was accompanied by political tension regarding the rights of Roman Catholic schools, eventually resulting in a compromise that allowed for the establishment of separate denominational schools supported by the taxes of members of those denominations.1