How many ethnic groups live in Cameroon?

Cameroon is often described as an "ethnic crossroads" because it is home to more than 200 different ethnic groups.1

These diverse populations are generally categorized into three primary linguistic groups:

• Bantu-speaking peoples: Located in the south, this group includes peoples such as the Duala, Fang, Maka, and Ndjem.1
• Sudanic-speaking peoples: Found in the north, this group includes the Fulani, Kanuri, and the Sao.1
• Semi-Bantu-speaking peoples: Situated mainly in the west, this group includes the Bamileke and the Tikar.1

Additionally, the Pygmies—locally known as the Baguielli and Babinga—are considered the oldest inhabitants of the country and reside in small hunting bands within the southern forests. Each of these groups has contributed to the country's rich cultural diversity, ranging from distinct musical traditions to specialized crafts like pottery, leatherwork, and wood carving.12