How many French convicts were deported to French Guiana between 1852 and 1939?

Between 1852 and 1939, more than 70,000 French convicts were deported to French Guiana to serve sentences in a penal colony system that included the notorious Devils Island. These prisoners were held in inhumane conditions, a reality that was eventually brought to light by the investigative journalist Albert Londres in the 1920s. While the transportation of prisoners to these colonies was officially abolished by a decree in 1938, the final prisoners did not depart the settlement until 1953.12