How is the Volga River divided into upper, middle, and lower sections?

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The course of the Volga River is geographically divided into three distinct sections based on the confluences of its major tributaries:1

  • Upper Volga: Extends from the river's source in the Valdai Hills to the confluence of the Oka River.1
  • Middle Volga: Extends from the confluence of the Oka River to the confluence of the Kama River.1
  • Lower Volga: Extends from the confluence of the Kama River to the mouth of the Volga at the Caspian Sea.1