How is power divided under Colombia’s 1991 constitution?

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Under the 1991 constitution, Colombia functions as a republic with power divided among three distinct branches of government:

Executive Branch: Led by the president, who is elected by universal suffrage to serve a four-year term and is supported by a ministerial cabinet.1
Legislative Branch: A bicameral body consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives, with members serving four-year terms. House members represent specific departments, while the majority of the Senate is elected via a nationwide constituency, with additional representation for indigenous communities.1
Judicial Branch: Operates alongside the executive and legislative branches to uphold the constitutional division of powers.1

Administratively, the country is organized into 32 departments and the capital district of Bogotá, each governed by elected officials, including governors and mayors at the municipal level.1