How is Greece governed as a parliamentary republic?

Greece is a unitary multiparty parliamentary republic governed under a constitution established in 1975. The political framework functions through the following key components:12

• Head of State: The president serves as the head of state. While early versions of the constitution granted the office significant authority, 1986 revisions rendered the role largely ceremonial. The president is elected by the parliament to serve a five-year term and may hold the position for two terms.1
• Head of Government: The prime minister acts as the head of government, wielding extensive executive powers. To remain in office, the prime minister must maintain the confidence of the legislative branch.1
• Legislature: The Hellenic Parliament (Vouli) is a unicameral body consisting of 300 deputies. Members are elected to four-year terms via direct universal suffrage, and voting is compulsory for citizens. The parliament holds the authority to revise the constitution.12

Following political challenges in the late 20th century, constitutional reforms in 2001 were implemented to enhance transparency and provide safeguards against political abuses.1