How is Bhutan’s bicameral parliament organized?

Bhutan operates as a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral parliament established following the country's transition to a parliamentary democracy in 2008. The legislature consists of two houses:12

• National Council: Serving as the upper house, this body is composed of 25 members.12
• National Assembly: Serving as the lower house, this body consists of 47 members.12

This bicameral system replaced the earlier unicameral national assembly known as the Tshogdu. Under the current framework, the monarch remains the head of state, while the prime minister—typically the leader of the majority party in the legislature—functions as the head of government.2