How far did the influence of the Maravi Confederacy extend during the 17th century?

During the 17th century, the Maravi Confederacy reached the peak of its influence, administering a vast territory that extended across significant portions of modern-day southern Africa.

At its height, the confederacy's reach encompassed the following geographic boundaries:
* North: To the Dwangwa River.
* South: North of the Zambezi River.
* West: To the Luangwa River in present-day Zambia.
* East: To the coast of Mozambique.12

Beyond these core territories, the confederacy's centralized system of government also exerted influence over peoples in adjacent areas of modern-day Zambia and Mozambique. This expansive reach was maintained under the authority of the karonga (king) until the early 18th century, when the confederacy began to fracture into autonomous factions due to the increasing independence of local clan leaders involved in regional trade.21