How does the Don River help make the Sea of Azov less salty?

The Don River helps maintain low salinity levels in the Sea of Azov by discharging large volumes of fresh water into the sea, particularly in the Taganrog Gulf, where the water is nearly fresh.12

This influx of fresh water is a critical factor in the sea's ecology, as it supports a diverse range of marine life by providing nutrient-rich material and ensuring the water remains less salty than typical marine environments. However, large-scale engineering projects—such as the construction of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir and increased water diversion for irrigation—have significantly reduced the amount of water discharged by the Don at its mouth. This reduction in freshwater flow has led to a considerable increase in the salinity of the Sea of Azov, which has negatively impacted the sea's biological productivity and lowered fish catches.21