How do the northeast trade winds affect the Dominican Republic’s climate?

The northeast trade winds play a significant role in moderating the Dominican Republic’s tropical climate by blowing steadily from the Atlantic Ocean throughout the year.1

These winds influence the country's precipitation patterns based on its topography:

• Windward side: As the moisture-laden trade winds encounter the country's mountainous terrain, they are forced upward, resulting in heavy rainfall. The mountainous northeast, which serves as the windward side of the island, receives the highest precipitation, with annual averages exceeding 100 inches.1
• Leeward side: As the winds continue to pass over the country, they lose their moisture on the mountain slopes. Consequently, the far western and southwestern valleys, as well as the northwestern and southeastern extremes of the country, remain relatively dry, receiving significantly less annual rainfall.1

By providing a consistent airflow, these winds help maintain a relatively mild tropical environment, preventing temperatures from becoming extreme.1