How do rainwater and groundwater contribute to the Yenisey River’s flow?

The Yenisey River's water supply is derived from three primary sources: snowmelt, rainwater, and groundwater. Snowmelt is the most significant contributor, accounting for approximately half of the river's total water volume.12

Rainwater provides a little more than one-third of the river's flow. These rains play a notable role in the river's hydrologic regime, as summer and autumn rain floods frequently punctuate the seasonal cycle of water levels. Groundwater accounts for the remainder of the river's supply.12

Collectively, these sources support the Yenisey's status as the largest river in Russia in terms of runoff, with an annual volume of approximately 150 cubic miles (620 cubic kilometres).1