How do pipelines connect Libya’s oil fields to coastal export terminals?

Libya’s petroleum infrastructure relies on a network of pipelines that transport crude oil from inland fields to coastal export terminals. This system began in 1961 with the construction of the first pipeline connecting the Zelten (Nasser) field to Marsa el Brega.12

Other key pipeline connections include:
* Dahra field: Pipelines run to the terminals at Es Sider and Ras Lanuf.1
* Tobruk field: Connected to the terminal at Marsa el Hariga.1
* Intiṣār field: Connected to the terminal at Zueitina.1

In addition to oil transport, a natural gas pipeline runs parallel to the line from the Nasser field, supporting the country's natural gas infrastructure. Once the oil reaches these coastal terminals, it is typically loaded onto foreign vessels for export.13