How do Keralam’s inland waterways transport people and goods?

Keralam’s inland waterways, which include parts of National Waterway 3, serve as a vital network for the movement of both people and goods. Spanning more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km), these waterways act as primary arteries for transporting bulk freight to and from the state's various ports.1

In addition to freight, the waterways facilitate passenger transport. A notable development in urban transit is the Kochi Water Metro, a network of ferries that began operations in 2023 to provide efficient water-based travel within the city. These navigable canals and backwaters are essential components of the state's broader transportation infrastructure, connecting various regions and supporting economic activity.12