How do Ethiopia's highlands and lowlands differ in temperature?

In Ethiopia, elevation plays a critical role in moderating temperature, creating a distinct contrast between the country's highland and lowland regions.1

• Highlands: Due to their higher elevation, these areas experience temperate weather conditions. The average annual temperatures in the highlands are in the low 60s °F (mid-10s °C).1
• Lowlands: Located at lower elevations, these regions experience climatic conditions typical of tropical savanna or desert environments. These areas are significantly warmer, with average annual temperatures in the low 80s °F (upper 20s °C).1

While Ethiopia is situated in tropical latitudes, this relief-driven temperature variation is a defining feature of its climate. In some lowland areas, such as the Western Lowlands, the high temperatures are so extreme that they discourage dense human settlement.23