How did the conflict in Sudan’s Darfur region affect Chad?

The conflict in the Darfur region of western Sudan, which intensified in 2003, significantly impacted Chad in several ways:

• Refugee Crisis: The violence caused thousands of Sudanese to flee across the border into Chad. By early 2005, it was estimated that approximately 200,000 refugees were residing in the country.12
• Military and Rebel Activity: Chadian troops were periodically drawn into the conflict as Sudanese militias crossed the border to pursue rebels or attack refugee camps. Additionally, Chadian rebels were suspected of operating from bases within Sudan, leading both governments to accuse one another of supporting rebel activity in their respective territories.12
• International Intervention: To address the humanitarian crisis and protect refugees, a European Union peacekeeping force was deployed in 2008, which was later replaced by a larger contingent of United Nations Peacekeeping Forces in 2009.12

While tensions remained high for years, the two countries signed an agreement in 2010 intended to secure their common border and prevent rebel groups from operating from within their respective territories.12