How did the Swynnerton Plan affect African farmers in Kenya?

The Swynnerton Plan was a colonial-era proposal designed to strengthen the development of African agriculture in Kenya during the 1950s.1

By providing African farmers with increased opportunities to cultivate high-value cash crops, such as coffee, the plan aimed to integrate them more fully into the colonial economy. This initiative was implemented alongside other significant social and economic shifts during the period of the Mau Mau Rebellion, which had prompted the colonial government to reassess its agricultural policies and land management strategies.1