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How did the Balkan Wars divide the region of Macedonia?

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The Balkan Wars (1912–1913) fundamentally reshaped the region of Macedonia by ending Ottoman rule and partitioning the territory among neighboring Balkan states.12

Following the First Balkan War, the Balkan League—comprising Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Montenegro—defeated the Ottoman Empire, leading to the initial division of Macedonia. Dissatisfaction with this distribution triggered the Second Balkan War, in which Bulgaria fought against its former allies.123

The conflict concluded with the Treaty of Bucharest in August 1913, which established the following partition:32

Serbia: Acquired northern and central Macedonia (often referred to as Vardar Macedonia).32
Greece: Acquired southern Macedonia (Aegean Macedonia).32
Bulgaria: Retained only a small portion of the region.13

This 1913 partition defined the boundaries of the region that remain largely in force today, effectively dividing the historical territory of Macedonia among these three nations.24