How did irrigation and new farming methods contribute to Pakistan's Green Revolution?

Pakistan’s Green Revolution, which occurred during the late 1960s, was driven by significant advancements in agricultural technology and infrastructure that transformed centuries-old farming practices.1

Key factors contributing to this increase in productivity included:

• Irrigation Infrastructure: The construction of tube wells was instrumental in providing reliable water for crops and managing soil salinity. These efforts complemented the extensive canal systems developed along the Indus River basin, which have historically served as the foundation for the country's agriculture.12
• Modern Farming Inputs: The adoption of chemical fertilizers and the use of scientifically selected seeds allowed farmers to significantly boost crop yields.1
• Mechanization: The gradual introduction of farm machinery helped modernize cultivation processes, further enhancing efficiency.1

These developments collectively enabled Pakistan to achieve self-sufficiency in wheat—the national staple—by approximately 1970. The resulting agricultural surplus not only supported domestic needs but also provided commodities for export, strengthening the national economy.1