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How did Octavian bring Alexandria and Egypt under Roman rule in 30 BCE?

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Abu El-Abbas mosque in Alexandria, Egypt, featuring ornate domes, arched entrances, intricate stonework, and a large patterned courtyard in the foreground. — Alexandria The mosque of Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Mursī, Alexandria, Egypt.

Octavian brought Alexandria and Egypt under Roman rule in 30 BCE following a decisive military and political campaign against Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII.12

The path to annexation was paved by a intense propaganda war in which Octavian successfully framed the conflict as a defense of Rome against a foreign threat, rather than a civil war against Antony. This tension culminated in the Battle of Actium in September 31 BCE, where Octavian’s forces, led by Marcus Agrippa, defeated the combined fleet of Antony and Cleopatra.21

Following their defeat, Antony and Cleopatra fled to Alexandria. Octavian arrived in the city 10 months later, in August 30 BCE, effectively capturing it. With their cause lost, Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide. Octavian then executed Cleopatra’s son, Caesarion, to eliminate any rival claim to power. By seizing the Ptolemaic treasury and placing the region under his direct control, Octavian annexed Egypt as a Roman province, marking the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty and his emergence as the master of the Roman world.1324