How did Muslim rule expand into the region of Madhya Pradesh?

The expansion of Muslim rule into the region of present-day Madhya Pradesh occurred in several stages, beginning in the 11th century.1

• Delhi Sultanate: The process of incorporation began in 1231 when the sultan Iltutmish brought the Hindu domains of Gwalior under the control of the Delhi sultanate. In the early 14th century, the Khaljī sultans of Delhi expanded their reach by overrunning the Malwa region.1
• Mughal Empire: Following the decline of the sultanate, the region was eventually annexed into the Mughal Empire by the emperor Akbar, who ruled from 1556 to 1605.1
• Later Developments: While Maratha power later dominated much of the area by the 18th century, the Muslim state of Bhopal persisted as a distinct entity, eventually becoming a protectorate of the British.1