How did Carl Lumholtz contribute to the study of the Sierra Madre Occidental?

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The Norwegian explorer and ethnologist Carl Lumholtz is credited with initiating the modern scientific study of the Sierra Madre Occidental. Between 1890 and 1898, he conducted extensive fieldwork throughout the region, which served as a foundational contribution to the scholarly inquiry of the mountain system. His work paved the way for subsequent researchers from Europe, Mexico, and the United States to explore the area across diverse disciplines, including archaeology, anthropology, geology, and botany.1