How did Bremen’s sand dune help protect the Old Town from flooding?

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Bremen Statue of Roland, Bremen, Germany.

The Old Town of Bremen was protected from flooding because it was built upon a sand dune that elevated the settlement above the flood level of the Weser spillway. This postglacial accumulation of windblown sand reached heights of up to 45 feet (15 metres) above the surrounding flat marshes and moors of the Bremer Becken (lowlands), providing a naturally secure foundation for the city's historic center.1