How did Bombay state divide into Maharashtra and Gujarat in 1960?

Following India's independence, the administrative province of the British-era Bombay Presidency became Bombay state in 1950. While the States Reorganization Act of 1956 expanded the state's territory, it resulted in a linguistically divided region where Gujarati-speaking populations were concentrated in the north and Marathi-speaking populations in the south.12

This linguistic imbalance led to intense protests by the Marathi-speaking population, who sought a state organized around their language. These demands for a linguistic and political reorganization culminated on May 1, 1960, when Bombay state was partitioned. This division created the new state of Gujarat in the north and the state of Maharashtra in the south. Bombay (later renamed Mumbai) remained within Maharashtra and was designated as its capital.312