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How did Babylon become a kingdom under the Amorite ruler Sumuabum?

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Reconstructed Ishtar Gate at Babylon near Al-Hillah, Iraq, featuring blue walls decorated with rows of yellow and white animal reliefs and a central arched entrance. — Babylon A reconstruction of the Ishtar Gate at the ruins of Babylon, near modern Al-Ḥillah, Iraq.

Following the fall of the 3rd dynasty of Ur, during which Babylon had served as a provincial center, the city emerged as the nucleus of a small kingdom in 1894 BCE. This kingdom was established by the Amorite ruler Sumuabum.1

While Sumuabum founded this small kingdom, it was his successors who consolidated its status, eventually leading to the rise of Babylon as a major political and commercial center under later rulers such as Hammurabi.1