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Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
Howard Schultzis an American businessman who served as CEO (1987â2000, 2008â17, 2022â ) of Starbucks, a coffeehouse chain that he helped transform into a worldwide presence.
Schultz was a communications graduate (B.S., 1975) of Northern Michigan University. He joined the Seattle-based Starbucks in 1982 as director of retail operations and marketing and became chairman in 1985. Inspired by a 1983 trip to Italy, where he discovered that Milan alone boasted 1,500 coffeehouses, Schultz envisioned turning a tiny regional operation into a national coffeehouse chain via rapid store expansion. In 1985 he founded Il Giornale, a coffee concern that in 1987 (with investor backing) purchased Starbucks. Under Schultzâs guidance, in four years the coffeehouse chain grew from fewer than 20 stores to more than 100. In 1992 he took the company public, and by the end of the decade, Starbucks had some 2,500 locations in about a dozen countries.
Schultz announced in 2000 that he was stepping down as CEO but would remain as chairman. By 2007 the chain boasted more than 15,000 locations worldwide but was foundering, and in January 2008 Schultz returned as CEO. He oversaw the closure of 900 stores and implemented an ambitious strategy to secure new avenues of growth, which included acquisitions of a bakery chain and the makers of a coffee-brewing system as well as the introduction of an instant-coffee brand. He also oversaw changes to menu offerings at Starbucks stores. These moves were largely successful, and by 2012 Starbucks had rebounded financially. Five years later Schultz again stepped down as CEO, though he continued to be active in the company, serving as executive chairman until 2018. In 2022, however, he returned to Starbucks as its interim CEO and as a board member.
From 2001 to 2006 Schultz was majority owner of the National Basketball Associationâs (NBA) Seattle SuperSonics; he drew much local criticism after selling the team to a group that subsequently moved it to Oklahoma City. His books included Onward: How Starbucks Fought for Its Life Without Losing Its Soul (2011; with Joanne Gordon). In 2019 Schultz floated the idea of running for president as an independent. However, later in the year he announced that he would not enter the race.
