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steel: Quick Facts

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Photos and Videos

manufacturing
Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram.
Fire refining
An electric-arc furnace.
Open-hearth furnace.
Three ladle treatment stations.
Ingot solidification.
Continuous casting
Gap between two rolls, showing reduction and elongation of workpiece (see text).
Two basic rolling-mill designs.
How iron is turned into steel
Scientific secrets of Game of Thrones' Valyrian steel
Visit the Wire Museum in Altena, Germany
How scrap metal becomes steel in Norway's northernmost mill
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Key People

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Amelia zur Helle Thyssen
German industrialist and philanthropist
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August Thyssen
German industrialist
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie
Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist
Henry Bessemer
Henry Bessemer
English inventor and engineer
Sir William Siemens, engraving after a portrait by Rudolf Lehmann
Sir William Siemens
German-born English engineer and inventor
A photo of Jamsetji Tata.
Jamsetji Tata
Indian industrialist
Schwab, Charles M.
Charles M. Schwab
American manufacturer
John A. Roebling
John Augustus Roebling
German-born American engineer
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Henry J. Kaiser
American industrialist
Hewitt, Abram Stevens
Abram Stevens Hewitt
mayor of New York City
Stinnes, Hugo
Hugo Stinnes
German industrialist
Holabird, William; Roche, Martin; Marquette Building
William Holabird
American architect
Portrait of Henry Clay Frick with a full white beard and mustache, wearing a dark suit and tie, looking directly at the camera.
Henry Clay Frick
American industrialist and philanthropist
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Friedrich Flick
German industrialist
Elbert H. Gary
Elbert Henry Gary
American jurist
Cyrus S. Eaton
Cyrus S. Eaton
American-Canadian industrialist and philanthropist
Thyssen, Fritz
Fritz Thyssen
German industrialist
Réaumur, detail of an engraving by J. Blanchon
René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
French entomologist
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Sir John Brown
British manufacturer
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Alexander Lyman Holley
American metallurgist and mechanical engineer

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