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molecular biology: Quick Facts

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X-ray protein crystallography in molecular biology
A diagram illustrates the three-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process: Step 1 shows DNA denaturing at 95 degreesC into two strands; Step 2 depicts primers binding to target sequences during annealing at 55 degreesC; Step 3 shows DNA polymerase (Taq) synthesizing new DNA at 72 degreesC, resulting in DNA amplification, with the cycle repeated multiple times.
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Key People

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Ardem Patapoutian
American molecular biologist
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry winners
Jennifer Doudna
American biochemist
Shirley M. Tilghman
Shirley M. Tilghman
Canadian molecular biologist
James Watson, c. 1990
James Watson
American geneticist and biophysicist
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Richard Henderson
British biologist
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Susan L. Lindquist
American molecular biologist
Gary Ruvkun reacts after learning that he is a winner of the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
Gary Ruvkun
American molecular biologist and geneticist
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Lydia Villa-Komaroff
American molecular biologist
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Günter Blobel
German-American scientist
Elizabeth Blackburn
Elizabeth Blackburn
American molecular biologist and biochemist
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Gregory P. Winter
British biochemst
Carol W. Greider
Carol W. Greider
American molecular biologist
Phillip A. Sharp, 1993.
Phillip A. Sharp
American physiologist
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Jacques Dubochet
Swiss biophysicist
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Venki Ramakrishnan
Indian-born physicist and molecular biologist
Sidney Altman
Sidney Altman
Canadian American molecular biologist
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Thomas Robert Cech
American scientist
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Tonegawa Susumu
Japanese biologist
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Matthew Meselson
American biologist
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Thomas Steitz
American biophysicist and biochemist

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