integration: Quick Facts

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Two diagrams illustrate calculus concepts: the left shows a curve with a chord connecting points at x = a and x = x, representing the slope as the difference quotient for differentiation; the right shows rectangles under a curve between x = a and x = b, representing estimation of area for integration.

integral region graph

Leibniz's model of integration

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Topics

planimeter integration by parts integrator integraph disk-and-wheel integrator electronic integrator integral integral calculus mathematics permutations and combinations differentiation interpolation mapping Proof probability theory cryptology computer science combinatorics algebra

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Key People

Engraved portrait of Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz with long curly hair, wearing a buttoned coat and cravat, facing forward.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

German philosopher and mathematician

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert.

Jean Le Rond d’Alembert

French mathematician and philosopher

Lebesgue, portrait by an unknown artist, 1929

Henri-Léon Lebesgue

French mathematician

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Johann Friedrich Pfaff

German mathematician

Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.

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