History of Austria: Quick Facts

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Political map of Austria showing its national boundaries, major cities, and neighboring countries including Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. The map highlights Austrian states such as Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Styria, Tyrol, Salzburg, Carinthia, Vorarlberg, and Burgenland, with Vienna marked as the capital. An inset locator map in the upper left shows Austria's position within Europe.

Map of Europe about 800 CE showing the extent of the Frankish kingdom under Charlemagne in light purple, covering much of present-day France, Germany, northern Italy, and neighboring regions. Areas inhabited by Slavic peoples who were tributary to Charlemagne are shaded in a darker purple to the east of the Frankish kingdom, including groups such as the Bohemians, Moravians, and Croats. Major cities, rivers, and neighboring kingdoms are labeled for context.

Medieval manuscript miniature showing Frederick I as a crowned crusader holding an orb and scepter, with Henry of Schaftlarn kneeling and presenting a book to him.

Historical map of Central Europe showing territorial changes resulting from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 at the end of the Thirty Years' War. Areas transferred to Sweden, Brandenburg, Transylvania, Saxony, France, the United Provinces, Bavaria, and Poland are color-coded. The map also marks the boundary of the Holy Roman Empire, key battle sites, and the route of Gustavus Adolphus's campaign from 1631 to 1632. Major cities, rivers, and neighboring countries such as France, Poland, Sweden, and

Black and white historical map of south-central Europe during the War of the Spanish Succession, showing the boundaries of the Holy Roman Empire and other regional borders. Key locations such as Switzerland, Savoy, Venice, and various cities and passes are labeled throughout the region.

Map of Europe in 1813 highlighting the member countries of the Quadruple Alliance-Britain, Russia, Austria, and Prussia-in tan shading. The map shows their historical boundaries, with surrounding nations and major bodies of water labeled for context.

Causes and start of World War I

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