arithmetic: Quick Facts

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$A page from a first-grade workbook typical of “new math” might state: “Draw connecting lines from triangles in the first set to triangles in the second set. Are the two sets equivalent in number?”$

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Topics

arithmetic operation addition division multiplication subtraction modular arithmetic commutative law distributive law associative law fundamental theorem of arithmetic analysis probability theory cryptology computer science combinatorics algebra statistics geometry automata theory set theory

Dig Deeper: More Articles That Discuss This Topic

set theory: Schema for transfinite induction and ordinal arithmetic

Key People

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al-Karajī

Persian mathematician and engineer

Nicomachus of Gerasa

Nicomachus of Gerasa

Roman philosopher and mathematician

William Petty, detail of a portrait attributed to Isaac Fuller, c. 1649-51; in the National Portrait Gallery, London

Sir William Petty

English political economist

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Bahāʾ ad-dīn Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn al-ʿĀmilī

Syrian-born theologian, mathematician, and jurist

Cocker, portrait by an unknown artist based on an engraving by Richard Gaywood; in the National Portrait Gallery, London

Edward Cocker

English mathematician

Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.

Define It: Math Terms