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al-Kāshī: Quick Facts

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Facts

Also Known As Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd Masʾūd al-Kāshī • Kāshānī, al-
Born c.1380 • Kāshān • Persia
Died June 22, 1429 • Samarkand • Uzbekistan
Notable Works “Miftāḥ al-ḥisāb” • “Risālah al-muḥīṭīyya” • “Risālah al-watar waʾl-jaib”
Subjects Of Study Moon • eclipse • pi

Photos

Map showing the birthplaces of prominent mathematicians from the Islamic world, marked with city names and mathematician names across the Middle East and Central Asia. Cities such as Baghdad, Basra, Harran, and others are labeled, each associated with a historical mathematician. Modern country boundaries and a locator inset of the region are included.
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Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī
Persian scholar
Engraving of six astronomers, with Hipparchus seated at center and, from left to right, Galileo, Johannes Hevelius, Tycho Brahe, Nicolaus Copernicus, and Ptolemy standing, each holding scientific instruments.
Hipparchus
Greek astronomer
Edmond Halley
Edmond Halley
British scientist
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Georg von Peuerbach
Austrian mathematician
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Zhao Youqin
Chinese astronomer, mathematician, and Daoist
Johann Lambert, detail of a lithograph by Gottfried Englemann, after a portrait by Pierre-Roch Vigneron
Johann Heinrich Lambert
Swiss-German scientist and philosopher
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Zu Chongzhi
Chinese astronomer, mathematician, and engineer
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Charles-Eugène Delaunay
French astronomer
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Ernest William Brown
British mathematician and astronomer
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John Machin
English mathematician
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Omar Khayyam
Persian poet and astronomer
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Abū al-Wafāʾ
Persian mathematician
Galileo
Galileo
Italian natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician
Portrait of Archimedes by Giuseppe Nogari shows an elderly man with white hair and beard, holding a compass, gazing downward, set against a dark background.
Archimedes
Greek mathematician and inventor
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno
Italian philosopher
Engraving portrait of Carl Friedrich Gauss wearing a cap and formal 19th-century clothing, with detailed shading around his face and upper body.
Carl Friedrich Gauss
German mathematician
Roger Bacon
Roger Bacon
English philosopher and educational reformer
How did Ptolemy explain retrograde motion?
Ptolemy
Egyptian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer
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Sir William Rowan Hamilton
Irish mathematician and astronomer
Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens
Dutch scientist and mathematician

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