Ask the Chatbot Games & Quizzes History & Society Science & Tech Biographies Animals & Nature Geography & Travel Arts & Culture ProCon Money Videos

Guillaume-Thomas Raynal, abbé de Raynal: Quick Facts

Written and fact-checked by
The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

The Information Architects maintain a master list of the topics included in the corpus of  Encyclopædia Britannica, and create and manage the relationships between them.
The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Facts

Born April 12, 1713 • France
Died March 6, 1796 (aged 82) • France
Subjects Of Study Europe • India • North America • South America • Western colonialism

Photos

Guilluame-Thomas, abbé de Raynal, detail of an engraving by Nicolas Delaunay, 1780, after a drawing by Charles-Nicolas Cochin.
See All Images →
Dupleix, engraving by Marie Champion de Cernel after a portrait by Sergent
Joseph-François Dupleix
French colonial official
Vasco da Gama
Vasco da Gama
Portuguese navigator
Dalhousie, detail of an oil painting by Sir John Watson-Gordon, 1847; in the National Portrait Gallery, London.
James Andrew Broun Ramsay, marquess and 10th earl of Dalhousie
governor-general of India
Napier, Robert Napier, 1st Baron
Robert Napier, 1st Baron Napier
British field marshal
Sir Samuel Hoare, 2nd Baronet.
Sir Samuel Hoare, 2nd Baronet
British statesman
Earl of Ellenborough, detail of an oil painting by F.R. Say, c. 1845; in the National Portrait Gallery, London.
Edward Law, earl of Ellenborough
British governor of India
Sir Philip Francis, detail of an oil painting by J. Lonsdale; in the National Portrait Gallery, London
Sir Philip Francis
British politician
default image
Francisco de Almeida
viceroy of India
default image
Sir Olaf Caroe
British administrator
Earl Amherst, detail of an oil painting after A. Devis; in the National Portrait Gallery, London
William Pitt Amherst, lst Earl Amherst
British diplomat
default image
Duarte Pacheco Pereira
Portuguese explorer
default image
James Thomason
British colonial governor
Jean-Antoine Dubois, detail of a lithograph by F.-S. Delpech
Jean-Antoine Dubois
French missionary
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi
Indian social activist, lawyer, and politician
Detail from Charles Le Brun's painting showing Alexander the Great in profile, wearing a gold helmet with white plumes and a blue cloak, with soldiers in the background.
Alexander the Great
king of Macedonia
Jawaharlal Nehru, c. 1930s
Jawaharlal Nehru
prime minister of India
Annie Besant
Annie Besant
British social reformer
Amit Shah
Amit Shah
Indian politician
Narendra Modi
Narendra Modi
prime minister of India
Thomas Babington Macaulay, detail of an oil painting by J. Partridge, 1840; in the National Portrait Gallery, London.
Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay
English politician and author